Nebraska
Buying Land in Adams County, Nebraska
South-central Nebraska's Adams County, seat Hastings, has real, actively administered zoning -- a genuine exception to the patchwork the state hub describes. It's also split between two Natural Resources Districts along watershed rather than county lines, and Hastings itself sits at the center of one of EPA's largest and most complex groundwater Superfund cleanups, with a documented history of private-well contamination east of the city.
Real zoning, but a county split between two groundwater districts
Adams County breaks from the pattern the Nebraska state hub describes, where zoning coverage varies widely and plenty of rural counties have adopted none. Adams County has adopted Zoning Regulations (2010, amended through at least October 2016) built on a countywide Comprehensive Development Plan, plus a separate Subdivision Regulations document covering both unincorporated county land and villages. New construction generally requires a Certificate of Zoning Compliance, and the Planning & Zoning department -- based at the county office building at 500 N Denver Avenue in Hastings -- is the office to confirm a specific parcel's zoning district, permitted uses, setbacks, and any subdivision requirements before you buy or build.
Groundwater is a different story: Adams County doesn't sit inside a single Natural Resources District. Part of the county falls under the Upper Big Blue NRD, headquartered in York; another part falls under the Little Blue NRD, headquartered in Davenport. Because NRD boundaries follow watershed lines rather than county borders, a parcel's actual NRD depends on exactly where in Adams County it sits -- don't assume which district applies just because the parcel is 'in Adams County.' Each district also runs its own nitrate-testing and management-zone system on top of the statewide well-permit process -- see our well-water page below for how those actually work and which zones currently carry extra testing obligations.
A major Superfund groundwater site centered on Hastings
Hastings is home to one of EPA's largest and most complex groundwater contamination cleanups: the Hastings Ground Water Contamination Superfund site, added to the National Priorities List in 1986 after high levels of contaminants -- traced to a former coal gasification plant, industrial solvents, grain fumigants, and the former Naval Ammunition Depot east of the city -- were found in Hastings municipal wells. EPA divided the site into seven subsites for investigation and cleanup, and the plume has historically affected private wells within roughly a 3-mile radius east of the city; a private water utility serving that area (Community Municipal Services) took two of its three wells offline due to contamination, and more recent EPA work has added PFAS to the site's ongoing investigation. Cleanup at the former Naval Ammunition Depot subsite is being managed under a long-term (reportedly 90-year) plan, and current EPA reporting indicates no one is currently being exposed to unacceptable contamination levels under existing controls.
For a land buyer, the practical takeaway is geographic: a parcel's proximity to Hastings and its position relative to the documented plume (generally the area from the city's central industrial core east toward the former Naval Ammunition Depot) matters directly to whether a private well on that parcel could be affected. This is a site-specific, address-specific question -- check a specific parcel's location against EPA's site profile and subsite maps, rather than assuming a rural Adams County parcel away from Hastings is affected the same way as one closer to the plume. Our well-water page below covers the site's current institutional control area and 2024-2025 cleanup status in more detail.
Who to Call Before Buying Land in Adams County
We could not confirm which specific county or district office in Adams County handles septic/onsite wastewater permitting distinct from Planning & Zoning -- several Adams County Health Department websites found in search results turned out to belong to Adams County, Ohio or Adams County, Colorado, not Adams County, Nebraska, so we deliberately excluded that lead rather than risk publishing a wrong-state contact. South Heartland District Health Department (serving Adams, Clay, Nuckolls, and Webster Counties) is listed here as the regional public health contact, but confirm directly with Adams County Planning & Zoning or South Heartland whether septic permits run through the county, the health district, or DWEE's statewide authorization-by-rule process before assuming any one path.
Planning & Zoning
Adams County Planning & Zoning
Zoning district confirmation, Certificate of Zoning Compliance, subdivision regulations, and building permit questions.
Wells / Private Water
Upper Big Blue Natural Resources District
Groundwater well permits, allocations, and pumping rules for the portion of Adams County within this district.
Wells / Private Water
Little Blue Natural Resources District
Groundwater well permits, allocations, and pumping rules for the portion of Adams County within this district.
Environmental Health
South Heartland District Health Department
Public health matters for Adams County, including questions related to the Hastings groundwater Superfund site's impact on private wells.
Assessor / Property Tax
Adams County Assessor
Assessed value and property tax questions for a specific parcel.
Recorder / Clerk / Land Records
Adams County Register of Deeds
Recorded deed, easement, and plat history for a specific parcel.
Other
EPA Region 7 -- Hastings Ground Water Contamination Superfund Site
Site profile, subsite maps, and current cleanup and monitoring status for the Hastings groundwater plume.
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Get local guidanceTopics Specific to Adams County
Sources
- Adams County Zoning Regulations (2010, amended through Oct. 2016) — Adams County, Nebraska Government (accessed 2026-09)
- Planning & Zoning | Adams County, Nebraska — Adams County, Nebraska Government (accessed 2026-09)
- Subdivision Regulations, Adams County, Nebraska — Adams County, Nebraska Government (accessed 2026-09)
- How Upper Big Blue Can Help You — Upper Big Blue Natural Resources District (accessed 2026-09)
- About - Little Blue NRD — Little Blue Natural Resources District (accessed 2026-09)
- HASTINGS GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION | Superfund Site Profile — U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (accessed 2026-09)
- Hastings Superfund Site: Site Information — U.S. EPA Contaminated Site Clearinghouse (CLU-IN) (accessed 2026-09)
- EPA Tackles Hastings Superfund Site PFAS Contamination — PFAS Project Lab, Northeastern University (accessed 2026-09)
- Hastings Superfund shows challenges of federal program for small communities — Nebraska Public Media (accessed 2026-09)
- South Heartland District Health Department — South Heartland District Health Department (accessed 2026-09)
- Adams County, Nebraska: Register of Deeds — Adams County, Nebraska Government (accessed 2026-09)
- Adams County, Nebraska: County Assessor — Adams County, Nebraska Government (accessed 2026-09)
Last reviewed 2026-09